Authorship and Identity in Max Ernst's Loplop (2024)

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Volume 28 Issue 3 June 2005
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Samantha Kavky

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Art History, Volume 28, Issue 3, June 2005, Pages 357–385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0141-6790.2005.00468.x

Published:

05 July 2005

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Abstract

From 1928 to 1932 an avian creature named Loplop, Bird Superior, appears regularly in the collages and paintings of the surrealist artist Max Ernst. In this article I suggest that Ernst models Loplop on the father/totem, as defined by Sigmund Freud in his Totem and Taboo of 1913. An exploration of Ernst's interpretation of Freudian theory in creating Loplop illuminates the character's surprising complexity and centrality to Ernst's oeuvre. As a totem, Loplop emerges from a primary oedipal conflict on which Ernst structures his artistic identity and practice. Equating traditional notions of creative authorship with various forms of patriarchal authority, Ernst's constructed totem signifies his personal, aesthetic and political rejection of individual mastery in favour of his fraternal allegiance to the surrealist group and his embrace of surrealist automatist practices.

© Association of Art Historians 2005

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Authorship and Identity in Max Ernst's Loplop (2024)

FAQs

Who is father superior of the birds? ›

Loplop, or more formally, Loplop, Father Superior of the Birds, is the name of a birdlike character that was an alter ego of the Dada-Surrealist artist Max Ernst. Ernst had a ongoing fascination with birds, which often appear in his work. Loplop functioned as a familiar animal.

What does the father bird do? ›

But in some 90% of bird species, the males stay around to help: They share the duties of nest-building, incubate eggs, feed brooding females and the chicks, even train their young for independent life.

Who is the king in the birds? ›

Therefore, eagle is known as the king of birds. The lion is considered to be the king of beasts and likewise the eagle is the king of birds. It is the favourite of kings and sardars, and flies high. The eagle is obviously different from other birds because of its strong and powerful body and sharp beak.

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